H1N1: The Vaccination Debate | ||
To vaccinate or not to vaccinate: that is The Question.A rhetorical one until recently, because most of us had long made up our minds about immunizations one way or the other. Now the threat of H1N1 (aka human swine influenza, or swine flu) has reignited the debate, including here on ChickAdvisor. How do we sort fact from fearmongering fiction? I must start with the disclosure that I have just recently recovered from a suspected case of the swine flu, so I have some personal bias here. At the very least, it has afforded some very convenient excuse-making. It's amazing what you can get away with when you blame it on 'swine-nesia'. What is H1N1? According to the Public Health Agency of Canada it's a new strain of influenza that humans have no natural immunity against. It is a respiratory illness that affects the nose, throat, and lungs - similar to the seasonal flu - but not the same strain as the swine influenza virus that affects pigs. Since its emergence in April 2009, it has spread to every continent and, according the World Health Organization (WHO), is the predominant strain of the flu in every affected region. How is H1N1 spread? Like the seasonal flu, you can be infected through sneezing, coughing, or touching an infected surface and transferring the germs to your eyes or mouth. Experts recommend frequent hand washing and/or using a hand sanitizer product. If you have already been infected, you should stay home and not return to work or school until you are fever-free for at least 24 hours without the use of fever reducing medicine, such as Tylenol. You cannot catch H1N1 from blood transfusions or by eating pork. What are the symptoms? Generally, the symptoms are similar to the seasonal flu. They include: cough, fever, fatigue, muscle aches, sore throat, headache, decreased appetite, runny nose, and sometimes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. You may have some or all of these symptoms, so it is important to avoid infecting others if you experience any of these. Who is most at risk? Unlike the seasonal flu, H1N1 has been hardest on people under 25, especially children younger than 2. It is also particularly dangerous for those with asthma, diabetes, certain diseases, and, surprisingly, pregnant women. The WHO has reported that obese and morbidly obese people are also at elevated risk. What is the treatment? Antivirals can speed recovery from and lessen the severity of H1N1, but most people will have only a mild illness and not require special medical attention or drugs. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends a hospital visit only if you are suffering complications or are severely ill. For a complete list of emergency warning signs, visit this CDC site. Due to the high number of H1N1 cases and limited resources, antiviral medication may only be prescribed for high-risk and hospitalized cases. What is the vaccine? There are two types of vaccines currently available: an inactivated (ie. killed virus) injection, and a weakened live virus nasal spray. The nasal spray is not suitable for most people in high-risk categories, such as infants and pregnant women. Antibodies will begin providing protection within 2 weeks of receiving the dose. People with specific conditions or allergies should not receive certain vaccines, including H1N1. Is the vaccine safe? Part of the concern about vaccine safety is the use of thimerisol, a mercury-based compound. Thimerisol is used as a preservative for multiple-dose vaccine vials, which reduces the manufacturing and storage costs. Because of the high demand for influenza vaccination, large quantities are easiest and fastest to reproduce. You can request a thimerisol-free vaccine that is packaged singly, and the nasal mist vaccine is also thimerisol-free. Although the U.S. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) has not found a link between vaccines and autism, the vast majority of infant vaccines in Canada and the US do not contain thimerisol. Although H1N1 is a new influenza strain, public health officials insist the vaccine is safe because the manufacturing process is very similar to that of the seasonal flu. The take-home message here, then, is that if you feel vaccines are safe in general, you probably do not need to worry about the H1N1 vaccine in particular. As a Survivor of (suspected) H1N1 2009, I was fortunate to experience only a mild case and took the opportunity to rest up and pamper myself for a few days. My entire family was exposed and all suffered minor symptoms. Even if I had planned to immunize my children, the vaccine only just arrived in my hometown late last week - well after the fact for us and many of my friends' families. Where the debate becomes thorny is the insistence of some businesses and facilities, such as hospitals, that their staff receive the vaccine or risk being fired. The chance of infecting others, including patients with weak immune systems, is driving the push for a zero tolerance policy. Some clinics offer alternatives, such as masks to those unwilling to be immunized, but others claim budget restraints and inconsistent use as reasons for not providing another solution. The central question seems to be about how the common good is best served. Do we mass vaccinate to protect the general population and hasten the virus's petering out to the musty pages of medical history? Or do we vigorously protect the rights of the individual to dictate what's best for themselves? What do you think? Will you (or did you) get the vaccination? by Claire Rahn | ||
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To vaccinate or not to vaccinate: that is The Question.
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